Types of Instruction Utilized in Physical Education
Keywords:
intruction, Instructional Design, task presentation , Universal Design for LearningAbstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the types of instruction teachers are incorporating that support Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and determine if there were differences in instruction based on years of teaching experience and level taught. Methods: A survey was completed by 136 physical education teachers. Survey questions asked how often teachers used each of the instructional strategies that fall under the categories of engagement, representation, and action/expression. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Chi-Square test, and ANOVA to determine differences between the instructions depending on teachers’ level taught (i.e., elementary, middle) and years of experience. Results: The most frequently integrated instruction were verbal directions, a demonstration, motivation, feedback, and to have students physically practice. The least integrated instructions were use of written instruction, video modeling, reading cues, writing cues, verbal rehearsal, and mental imagery. Significant differences were found among instruction based on years of experience but no differences were found among levels taught. Conclusion: Teachers are incorporating few aspects of UDL. Only 60% of teachers always provided a demonstration suggest teachers are relying on verbal instruction. Physical education teachers may benefit from more support, knowledge, and training in UDL to support engagement, representation, and action/expression.
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